Universal flat pallets standardization introduced

The national standard (GB/T2934-2007) for the main dimensions and tolerances of intermodal general-purpose trays was formally announced and implemented. This is a leap in the journey of China's logistics standardization, which will help promote the standardized production and application of pallets in China; it will help expand China's import and export trade; It will facilitate the establishment of pallet leasing operations and pallet sharing systems; It will facilitate the standardized management of pallets; It is conducive to the full play of the role of the tray; it is conducive to improving the efficiency of logistics operations and lowering the cost of logistics... This is a major event in China's logistics industry. It is gratifying!

The national standard for main dimensions and tolerances (GB/T2934-2007) for general-purpose flat pallets announced this time is a country that has been developed after the revision of the national standard for main sizes and tolerances (GB/T2934-1996) of general-purpose pallets for intermodal transport in 1996. The new standard, which is authoritative, instructive, and practical, should be vigorously promoted and promoted. It should be well-known and well-known to everyone, coordinated and implemented in a comprehensive manner.

In recent years, more and more people have realized that in China's logistical development, more and more people realize that although a tray is a small logistics device, it is an indispensable “removable floor” and “active goods”. "Taiwan" is the key element of containerized unit logistics, linking up and down, inheriting the past and starting. It is an important carrier of unitized logistics as well as the container; it connects the interface of transportation, warehousing, packaging, loading and unloading, etc., and realizes the whole process of logistics. The only way to maximize efficiency and minimize costs. Regardless of the breadth of the use of pallets, the systemic nature of the use of pallets, and the common characteristics of pallets, pallet logistics can be considered as an important branch of the entire logistics system. A large number of practices have shown that it is scientific and reasonable to advance the standard matching of packaging modulus, forklift structure, car body, container size, shelf and warehouse size based on pallets; the constant volume transport, warehousing, loading and unloading handling, and packaging are based on pallet logistics. The combination, matching, and penetration of various links in logistics, distribution processing, distribution, etc., can avoid waste in the logistics process and greatly reduce logistics costs. Examining whether the logistics is scientific and rational from the perspective of pallet logistics can significantly improve the overall efficiency of the logistics system. Therefore, it is not difficult for us to realize the truth that the production and utilization of pallets are related to the development quality and speed of a country's logistics, and also reflect the development level of a country's modern logistics. Comprehensive domestic and international experience, we can further analyze and draw such a few conclusions: First, the effective use of trays must first promote the standardization of pallets. Because of the uneven pallet standards, the large-scale leasing and large-scale sharing of pallets could not be realized. Without the sharing of pallet resources, circulation, and scale utilization, the application value of pallets will be greatly reduced, and the huge potential and economies of scale utilization of pallets will be realized. It is also difficult to show. Second, pallets are indispensable in the import and export trade logistics. In the international trade process, each country hopes to adopt its own pallet standards so that its own export goods can fully enjoy the logistics facilities of the trading target country and enter the other party at a lower cost. The market does not want to sacrifice the benefits and pay the price for changing its own standards. Third, although the current international standards and domestic standards for pallets are not mandatory, the use of standard pallets will inevitably encounter various obstacles, which not only limits the number and scope of use of their pallets, but also results in an unpredictable economy. loss. The countries around the world are concerned about the standards of pallets, and the disputes between the relevant member states on the standardization of pallets and related regulations have been endless, because the standards of pallets involve various interests. Some people think that the tray size that favors Europe is 1200×1000 and 1200×800; the tray size that tends to America and Australia is 1219×1016 and 1144×1144. This is also the original four tray standard specifications of the ISO standard (ISO 6780). Later, it increased the international specifications of 1100×1100 and 1067×1067 that are favorable to Asia, and increased the ISO international pallet standards from four to six. The "General dimensions and tolerances of general-purpose flat pallets for intermodal transport" (GB/T2934-1996) formulated by China in 1996 applied the four international standard specifications put forward by ISO at the time, but after many years, it was discovered that the implementation of the standard was not ideal and the market was in circulation. There are dozens of trays, and they are still increasing. At the same time, it has also been found that 1200×1000 and 1100×1100 pallets of two sizes have become the mainstream of Chinese pallets. In order to strengthen the standardized management of pallets, expand the application of pallets in the economic fields such as import and export trade, explore the international market, and adapt to the needs of the development of domestic logistics, in June 2005, approved by the National Standardization Committee, the National Logistics Standardization Technical Committee Under the jurisdiction of the Federation, the Pallet Professional Committee of the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing took the lead and set up a pallet revision task group composed of transportation, railway, packaging and other industrial sectors and enterprises, starting with the “General dimensions and tolerances of the common flat pallets for intermodal transport” (GB/T2934- 1996), "Planning Test Method for Intermodal Universal Flat Pallets" (GB/T4996-1996), and "Plant Performance Requirements for Intermodal Universal Flat Pallets" (GB/T4995-1996). The research team organized an in-depth research on the status quo of China's tray standardization, retrieved a large amount of relevant information, and extensively solicited opinions from the tray manufacturers, user companies, and related departments and agencies, and held five revised working conferences. Data from various sources shows that in recent years, pallets of 1200×1000 and 1100×1100 specifications have become the mainstream and hot topics in China’s pallet industry. With reference to international standards and foreign experiences, combined with the actual situation in the country, the task force finally decided The six standards are reduced to 1200×1000 and 1100×1100, and 1200×1000 is the preferred recommended standard.

The formulation and implementation of standards for pallets is the basis for the development of logistics in China, and has a significant and far-reaching relationship. In the early 1980s, several friends of the foreign logistics community had kindly told me that China is a big country, and we must formulate standards in the early stages of the development of logistics. Otherwise, it will be difficult to reform it in the middle. Pallet standards can be said to be the top priority of logistics development. The author believes that the formulation and implementation of China's pallet standards should consider the following factors. One must consider following the international and national boundaries. After China’s reform and opening up, it gradually became in line with international standards. China’s economy has become integrated with the world economy, and it cannot be separated. It must follow international laws and be consistent with foreign countries. Only in this way can we explore the international market, expand international trade, and make great achievements in the international arena. The original four pallet sizes of the ISO standard (ISO 6780) have increased by 1100×1100 and 1067×1067 in 2003, which indicates that the 1100×1100 pallets that are currently developing in Asia have potential markets. Asia The 1200×1000 and 1100×1100 pallets of the pallet system alliance's main push are conducive to go hand in hand with the 1219×1016 and 1140×1140 standards pushed by 1200×1000 and 1200×800 pushed by Europe, and pushed by the Americas and Australia. The newly released 1200×1000 and 1100×1100 standards in China comply with the current international ISO regulations. These two types of trays have seen significant growth in Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Taiwan in recent years. Moreover, in China, Two sizes of pallets also showed a rapid upward trend. It was determined that these two kinds of pallets are the new standard specifications, which meet both international requirements and domestic development needs. Second, we must consider taking a long-term perspective and taking into account the immediate situation. Logistics itself is developed to meet the needs of economic and social development. The degree of development of logistics represents, in a sense, the economic and social development level of a country. Therefore, the formulation of logistics standards must be far-sighted and proactive. In particular, the basic logistics equipment such as pallets, because of its wide range of applications, involves many links, but should look at long-term, forward thinking. Standards must be carefully considered and comprehensively balanced. Once the standard of the pallets is formulated, it will not be easy to change. If one touches the whole body, the company will suffer losses and the problems will be complicated. Originally, a country is best a pallet standard, and the reason why the national pallet standard revision was reduced from six to two is not one. One important reason is that the 1100×1100 tray has an obvious growth trend. It still looks In the future, the 1200×1000 pallets will prevail, or the 1100×1100 pallets will prevail. It will be reduced from six to one at a time. The timing will not be mature enough, and it will also bring economic losses to some companies. During the transitional period, it is also necessary to observe for some time. From this point of view, the formulation of the tray standard only considers that long-term care does not take care of the eyes. The third is to consider the various factors that affect the general flat tray itself. Intermodal general-purpose pallets are mainly used for international trade transport, such as palletized transport, and such pallets have a high recycling rate and are easy to recycle, repair and reuse. Therefore, the general-purpose flat pallets for intermodal transport emphasize more uniform standards and require stricter requirements on their performance indicators and test methods. Under normal circumstances, the size and size of the trays are determined according to the owner's requirements. Meanwhile, in order to save costs and facilitate packaging, the manufacturer determines the shape, size, and size of the tray based on the shape, size, and characteristics of the product. This often overlooks the standard specifications of the state-specified pallets, resulting in uneven pallet sizes that can be varied. Under such objective conditions, the state has not yet formulated and implemented standard pallets. Not only does the company suffer losses, it also affects the expansion of international trade and the development of the international market, and it has long been in a passive position. From the actual situation, the 1200×1000 pallets and the 1100×1100 pallets have their own lengths, which do not have absolute advantages. Regarding this issue, both domestic and international are in dispute. Two kinds of opinions rise and fall one after another. I am afraid that it will be difficult for us to distinguish between the high and low ones for a period of time. If our country suddenly imposes one, it cannot be said that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Still more harm than good. Moreover, the situation of enterprises is also different, and the standard opinions on pallets cannot be unified at once. We must pay attention to local and micro reality, and we must also pay attention to the overall situation and the long-term. At the same time, the government and industry groups should coordinate when they coordinate, guide them when they are guided, and not be hesitant when the decision is made. The implementation of the national standard for flat transport trays (GB/T 2934-2007) for intermodal transport should be said to be appropriate at the right time and is the best choice for the current situation. Therefore, it must be vigorously publicized, widely popularized and fully promoted.