Recently, Prof. Du Jiangfeng's research group of University of Science and Technology of China and Prof. J. Wrachtrup of Stuttgart University in Germany have successfully realized the detection of proton signals of (5nm) volume samples, and made breakthrough progress in microscopic nuclear magnetic resonance technology. This experiment uses nitrogen-vacancy single-electron spin at a depth of 7 nanometers from the surface of doped diamond as an atomic-scale magnetic probe to achieve the detection of proton signals in (5nm) volume liquid and solid organic samples, including the total number of protons. For 10,000, the magnetic signal intensity generated is equivalent to 100 statistically polarized nuclear spins. This experiment has laid a solid foundation for the application of microscopic magnetic resonance technology. The research results were published in the journal Science on February 1.
Spin exists widely in matter, so spin magnetic resonance technology can be used to accurately, quickly, and non-destructively obtain information on the composition and structure of matter. It is one of the most important material exploration techniques in contemporary science. The general spin magnetic resonance spectrometer is based on the principle of ensemble detection. Its test object is an ensemble sample containing more than 10 billion identical spins. However, in recent years, with the deepening of the exploration of physical science, people have gradually moved from statistical average measurement to the detection of single quantum information directly. In the field of spin magnetic resonance, achieving microscopic magnetic resonance, even single-spin magnetic resonance, is an extremely important scientific goal in this direction. In order to achieve this scientific goal, Professor Du Jiangfeng and his collaborators selected solid-state single-spin based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) pairs in doped diamond as probes, instead of the traditional electrical detection method, using single-spin based on this system The state is prepared as a quantum interferometer, and the weak magnetic signal generated by the micro-spin system is converted into the phase of the interferometer, thereby realizing high-sensitivity signal detection.
Based on the existing research in the related fields by both parties and other collaborators, after more than two years of efforts, Chinese and German scientists have gradually solved the key technologies required for the success of this experiment: preparation and processing of near-surface NV and kinetic decoupling . These two technologies are the indispensable foundations for the first successful realization of proton signal detection in (5nm) volume liquid and solid organic samples.
Another similar work was published in the "Science" magazine published on February 1st, which was completed by D. Rugar of IBM in the United States and D. Awschalom of Santa Barbara of the University of California in the United States. They also used NV magnetic probe has successfully realized the detection of nuclear magnetic signal of (24nm) volume organic samples. In this issue of the magazine, a review written by P. Hemmer stated that the two works "use diamond-based nanomagnetometers to effectively reduce the detectable volume of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the level of a single protein molecule."
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