Orthogonal test design of pigment extraction: According to the orthogonal test design L9 (34), the optimal extraction conditions in single factor test, namely temperature, power, time and material ratio, were divided into three levels, and the ultrasonic extraction of cut flowers was comprehensively investigated. The effect of chrysanthemum red pigment. Absorbance value determination: According to Lambert-Beer's law A=Ebc, ie A=Kc, scanning at a full spectrum of 800200 nm, the experimentally determined maximum absorption wavelength is 531 nm (pH is determined from the measured data, the inulin solution is in ethanol solution The absorbance is much less than the absorbance in the ethanol-hydrochloric acid solution.
Therefore, a certain volume of hydrochloric acid should be added to the optimum extraction solvent, because the acidic solvent dissolves the water-soluble pigment while destroying the plant cell membrane, so the extraction rate is high. Solvent extraction solvent solubility absorbance solvent solubility absorbance distilled water dissolved 1.10330% ethanol HCL dissolved 2.21830% ethanol dissolved 0.81550% ethanol HCL dissolved 2.38450% ethanol dissolved 0.65070% ethanol HCL dissolved 2.62270% ethanol dissolved 0.53395% ethanol HCL slightly soluble) 95% Ethanol insoluble) Acetone insoluble) Note: The concentration of the acid solution is 0.1 mol L-1 hydrochloric acid. Selection of different alkyd volume ratios: accurately weigh 1g of each chrysanthemum powder, add 20mL of absolute ethanol with a mass fraction of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and a concentration of 0.1molL The hydrochloric acid extractant of -1 was subjected to ultrasonic extraction under extraction conditions of a temperature of 40e, a power of 250 W, and a time of 30 min.
With the increase of ethanol mass fraction, the corresponding absorbances were 1.245, 1.268, 1.343, 1.447, 1.542, 0.575, of which 70% ethanol-hydrochloric acid solution had the highest extraction rate, but after 70%, the extraction rate decreased significantly. Temperature selection: Accurately weigh 1g of each chrysanthemum powder, add 20mL of 70% ethanol and 0.1molL-1HCl solution, respectively, at a temperature of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70e, power 250W, time 30min extraction Ultrasonic extraction was performed under the conditions.
As the temperature increases, the extraction rate increases, and the corresponding absorbances are 1.244, 1.478, 1.746, 1.966, 1.960, respectively. However, when the temperature exceeds 60e, the filtered liquid appears turbid, and the temperature is too high. Red pigment decomposition. Orthogonal test L9 (34) was designed according to orthogonal test 1. The optimal extraction conditions in the single factor experiment were set as three levels of ultrasonic water bath temperature, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic extraction time and material ratio. The effects of ultrasonic extraction on anthocyanins were investigated, and the extraction effects were compared according to the absorbance.
Conclusion Through the above test analysis, the extraction solvent of cut chrysanthemum red pigment was determined to be 70% ethanol and 0.1 mol L-1 hydrochloric acid solution; the absorbance value increased with temperature when the temperature was selected, but Because anthocyanins are easily decomposed, it is necessary to control the temperature at the time of extraction. It should not be too high and should not exceed 60e. In the selection of time, the extraction time of super-soil will affect the extraction rate of pigment, when the time is 30min. The maximum absorbance value; when the material ratio is selected, the general trend is that the absorbance increases with the addition of the extraction solvent, which indicates that the increase of the solvent makes the cut red pigment dissolve more fully, but considering the factor of saving raw materials, It is best to choose the right material ratio is 1B30.
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