Formaldehyde has been identified as carcinogenic and teratogenic by the World Health Organization. In the recent period, some consumers have been calling to ask questions about the formaldehyde standard, especially some wood floors and composite floors, large core board manufacturers and distributors have different formaldehyde emissions. of.
At present, there are mainly the following standards and methods for formaldehyde detection related to indoor environment issued by the state:
1. The National Standard of the People's Republic of China "Sanitary Standards for Formaldehyde in the Air of the House" stipulates:
The maximum allowable concentration of formaldehyde in the room air is 0.08 mg / m3 (0.08 mg / m3)
Detection method: spectrophotometer chemical analysis method, air sampling on site, and then analysis in the laboratory. It is characterized by accurate values ​​and strong anti-interference, and is currently the only standard detection method for indoor air formaldehyde in the country.
2. The national standard of the People's Republic of China "solid wood composite floor" provides:
Class A solid wood composite floor formaldehyde emission is less than and equal to 9 mg / 100g (9mg / 100g);
Class B solid wood composite floor formaldehyde emission is greater than 9mg-40mg / 100g (9mg-40mg / 100g)
Detection method: perforated extraction method, take 100 grams of test pieces through chemical extraction method to determine its formaldehyde content.
3. "Technical Requirements for National Environmental Labeling Products-Artificial Wood Panels" provides:
The formaldehyde emission in man-made board should be less than 0.20 mg / m3 (0.20 mg / m3);
The amount of formaldehyde released in the wooden floor should be less than 0.12 mg / m3 (0.12 mg / m3).
Detection method: climate box method, the plate samples are placed in the climate box according to the prescribed requirements, and the air sample is drawn from the climate box, and the formaldehyde content is determined by chemical analysis.
Consumers can use these standards and methods to determine the amount of formaldehyde released from different materials and to detect formaldehyde in indoor air.
There are two main types of indoor testing:
1. The indoor air quality test measures whether the house meets the health requirements of the living environment. The standard is GB / T18883-2002 indoor air quality standard.
2. Indoor environmental pollutant testing Civil building engineering and indoor decoration engineering environmental protection acceptance testing, based on the standard is GB50325-2001 civil building engineering environmental pollutant control specifications.
The main difference between indoor testing according to the 18883 standard and indoor testing according to the 50325 standard:
1. The targeted difference The 18883 standard is the health standard of human settlements, and it is not binding on builders, decorators, and furniture vendors. The 50325 standard is the acceptance standard for construction and decoration. It is mandatory for builders and decorators. Construction and decoration projects must be environmentally acceptable before they can be delivered. It is strictly forbidden to deliver non-compliant houses.
2. Differences in indicator values ​​The 18883 standard involves a total of 19 indicators for indoor physical, chemical, biological, and radioactive. The 50325 standard only covers 5 items such as formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, TVOC (total volatile organic compounds), and radon 222. Restricted. The limit values ​​of the two overlapping items are 0.10 / 0.08, 0.11 / 0.09, 0.20 / 0.20, 0.60 / 0.50, 200/400 in the order of formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, TVOC (total volatile organic compounds) and radon 222.
3. Different detection conditions Although according to the index value, the 50325 specification is a bit higher than the requirements of the 18883 standard, but in fact, when the test conditions are implemented, 50325 is significantly looser than 18883. The former stipulates that there must be sufficient ventilation before the test, and then only one hour after the doors and windows are closed, the latter requires the doors and windows to be closed after 12 hours. The different detection conditions often lead to the acceptance of the houses handed over to the factory according to the 50325 standard, and then the unconformity is tested according to the 18883 standard. The resulting dispute cases are eventually reported as failures by the homeowner, which is not uncommon.
The "GB / T18883-2002 Indoor Air Quality Standards" jointly promulgated by the Ministry of Health, the State Environmental Protection Administration and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine is essentially a basic standard for a healthy living environment. Quotient is not mandatory. The "GB50325-2001 Civil Building Indoor Environmental Pollutant Control Code" jointly promulgated by the Ministry of Construction and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine is a mandatory project acceptance for builders and decorators in terms of indoor environmental pollution control for civil construction projects. standard. The detection conditions of GB50325 are much looser than those of GB18883. Although the pollutant concentration limit of the former is slightly less than the latter, the conditions for closing doors and windows are only 1 hour before the test, while the latter is 12 hours. Therefore, to remind the end users of the houses, the houses of civil construction projects and interior decoration projects completed and accepted according to the GB50325 standard are not equal to the sufficient conditions for the health of human settlements. Indoor air quality is likely to decline further. For the sake of life and health, indoor air quality testing based on GB18883 is the fundamental basis for measuring whether the house meets the standard of healthy living environment.
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