(Wuhan Lingyun Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China) 1 Glue Market Overview 1.1 Application of Glue Glue has a wide range of applications in industrial processing, mainly for infiltration, sealing, bonding, filling, coating, etc. . The application industry has no specificity, but it is mainly used in microelectronics, precision optics, micro-machinery, etc., such as circuit board assembly, chip bonding, laser module sealing glue, electronic/electrical module packaging, hard disk head bonding. Glue curing, etc., has a broad application market.
1.2 The type of glue is divided into sealing, bonding, filling, painting, etc. according to the use; according to the curing method, it is divided into heat curing, photo curing, latent curing and water and wet surface curing; according to the composition, it is divided into epoxy resin and silicon. Resin glue, UV glue, polyurethane glue, silver glue, etc.; from the use of bonding, heat conduction, filling, conductive, insulation, sealing and so on. Because each specific glue has different application environments, methods and uses, there are certain differences in the individualized characteristics, and thus the curing conditions are also different.
13 Existing curing methods Photocuring The current curing method is UV lamp curing, which is mainly for the curing of UV glue. The inner surface of the glue contains a photoinitiator, and ultraviolet light (UV) curing is the use of a photoinitiator (photosensitizer). Under ultraviolet light, light is induced to form an excited ecological molecule, which is decomposed into free radicals or ions, so that Saturated organic matter is polymerized, grafted, cross-linked and other chemical reactions to achieve the purpose of curing; heat curing can be divided into room temperature solid-light pre-curing and heat curing according to the curing temperature. The method is pre-cured by ultraviolet irradiation, and then further heated and cured to achieve complete Curing, after sizing on the connecting part, the adhesive can be fixed by a short time of ultraviolet irradiation (about 10 s), and the place where the ultraviolet light is not irradiated will be heat-cured and dried in an infrared oven.
1.4 The main types of glue curing equipment on the market Currently, UV lamp curing equipment is used for industrial production. Generally, long-wave ultraviolet (UV-A) is used, and the wavelength is 320~400nm. Currently, the UV curing equipment on the market is usually 1~4. The point source curing device of the optical fiber transmission of the channel generally has a power of about 300 W, and is mainly adapted to the rapid curing and pre-curing of the UV dispensing; the infrared oven heating and curing device is mainly suitable for curing the thermosetting adhesive in a large amount, using infrared heating, oven temperature Generally, it is around 160°, and the heating is completely cured for more than 1h.
2Technical Principles of Laser Rapid Curing Equipment 21 Laser Curing Process The patented multi-channel laser heating curing equipment developed by Wuhan Lingyun Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. and Germany is based on the principle of point source illumination heating, because the wavelength of the laser is easily absorbed by the glue, and The energy is concentrated, the heat-affected area is small, and the glue is quickly heated in a short time. The temperature reaches about 160°, and the glue is completely cured from the inside to the outside, from concealed to visible, within 1 min. The laser heating curing glue adopts the heat curing method, which is another energy-saving, environmentally-friendly, convenient and efficient heating method compared with the infrared oven. The three-dimensional heat curing mode from the inside to the outside is a kind of contactless The glue itself absorbs the wavelength heating method.
2.2 Traditional curing process The traditional hard disk magnetic head bonding glue curing production process is to use UV pre-curing infrared oven drying heating and curing process, because the adhesive glue of the hard disk head is covered by the magnetic head, and the ultraviolet lamp can not be irradiated. Pre-curing of the surface glue, the masking glue can not achieve photo-curing, and in order to achieve complete curing, infrared oven drying is required; while the infrared oven heating mainly heats the glue by raising the air temperature of the oven through air conduction. Now, after laser curing, it can realize complete one-time curing from the inside to the outside, the time is 1mrn, the efficiency is high, the curing quality is good, the economic benefit is obvious, and the yield is greatly improved.
3 laser heating curing instead of UV curing comparative analysis Laser curing uses the principle of heat curing, UV light is based on the principle of light curing, mainly from the aspects of work efficiency, curing quality, process cost, but ultimately It comes down to the comparison of technology content and manufacturing costs.
The glue cost required for the 31 process is different. The laser-cured glue is generally a common heat-curing glue. Most of them are epoxy resin glue, and the price is low. The UV glue is a special glue specially added with ultraviolet light-sensitive factor substances, and the cost is high. The market price is about 10 times that of epoxy glue, and the price difference is huge. Therefore, the production cost advantage of using heat-cured epoxy resin glue is quite obvious.
3.2 curing time is almost the same, are fast curing traditional heating and curing glue heat curing process is generally used in infrared oven drying, drying time needs more than 1h, and after laser point source curing, only 1mrn, significantly shortened processing Time, improve production efficiency; and one of the main reasons for the use of UV glue in industrial production is because UV glue can achieve rapid curing, curing time is generally around 20s, also more than 1mm, depending on the specific glue. From the comparison of curing time, it should be said that UV curing has an advantage, but the gap between the two is not large, and laser curing is also a category of rapid curing.
33 laser curing equipment can work in multiple channels at the same time. It is suitable for mass production of UV lamps. Due to the limitations of its own technical characteristics, the number of Fibre Channel channels that can be achieved by one device on the market is 1~4; and Wuhan Lingyun Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. The technology limited liability company uses the technical characteristics of the laser, and in practice, the number of Fibre Channel of one device has been 25 channels simultaneously (in theory, the number of Fibre Channel per device can be more according to the actual needs of customers), Moreover, the working power and performance of each fiber channel of the laser device in the production process are quite stable, so that in the production line, the same machine size, the laser device can simultaneously and completely cure 25 or more glue points at the same time. The UV lamp can only cure up to 4 glue points at a time. Which technical equipment is more efficient and more suitable for assembly line production at a glance.
The laser beam penetrates the glue more strongly, and is more suitable for thick layer glue curing. The curing quality is better. Because the laser beam has strong penetrating ability, the laser beam energy is easily absorbed and concentrated. That is to say, laser irradiation is a three-dimensional absorption of laser energy in a full range of glue. The irradiated glue can quickly achieve uniform heating and uniform curing from the inside to the outside; while the beam penetration ability of ultraviolet light is significantly weaker than the laser, the beam is cold. The light source, the energy carrying is small, and the energy absorption capacity is also weaker than the laser. Therefore, when the thick layer of glue is cured, the deep glue has poor sensitization effect, and a small amount of necessary energy required for the photochemical reaction is insufficient, resulting in the final sensitization. The curing after chemical reaction is not complete, and the surface sticking is dry and the inner layer glue is not solidified. However, if the glue is completely cured from the inside to the outside, it needs to be irradiated for a longer time and more power, otherwise fast curing cannot be achieved. .
3.5 Laser curing can completely cure at one time for concealed glue. No need for additional oven drying process. Because laser heating is cured, the glue absorbs the laser wavelength and absorbs the energy it carries, then heats up the glue, and the laser beam penetration ability is strong. Absorption, therefore, for the glue concealed by the object, the glue can be uniformly heated by the heat transfer of the glue itself and the ability of the laser to penetrate the object. The disposable 36-electromechanical information laser technology and application are quickly and completely cured, and the ultraviolet The laser has obvious technical defects in this respect. Since the ultraviolet lamp illumination is the principle of light curing, the glue hidden by the object cannot be irradiated because it cannot be irradiated, so if it is to be completely cured, it needs to be separately taken out. The batch is concentrated and dried in an infrared oven. The drying time of the oven is generally above ih. This is actually a two-curing process of heat curing which is pre-cured by an ultraviolet lamp and then oven-dried. Such a glue needs to contain both a curing photoinitiator and a thermosetting initiator, which increases the manufacturing cost of the glue. This process also needs to interrupt the normal production flow process, work alone, neither meet the process requirements of modern production lines, but also consume a lot of time, resulting in low production efficiency.
The cost advantage of 36 laser curing equipment is obvious. The average price of a domestic equipment market of 1~4 channel UV lamps is about 20,000 to 30,000 yuan, and the imported equipment is about 4 million yuan. The 25-channel laser produced by Wuhan Lingyun Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. The price of each unit of heating and curing equipment is about 180,000 yuan, and the cost of 15 channels is about 100,000 yuan. According to the comparison of the number of channels, the average cost of a single channel of ultraviolet lamps is more than 10,000 yuan, and the market price of a single channel of laser is Below 10,000 yuan, and the more channels of a single device, the more obvious the cost advantage. Intuitive comparison, the average cost advantage of each channel of the laser equipment is quite obvious, so that it will achieve the effect of doing more and doing more things and doing good things.
3.7 Semiconductor lasers have longer service life and more stable beam quality. Semiconductor lasers have a service life of at least 10,000 to 20,000 hours, while UV lamps have a service life of about 2,500 hours. This allows for longer working hours and UV beam quality. And the power will be unstable, and the replacement needs to be replaced. However, the cost of the UV lamp is very high. Generally, it is about 3,500 yuan each. It is operated at full load for 1 year, and the ultraviolet lamp is replaced at least 3 times. The semiconductor laser is generally 2 years. Guaranteed stable work during the period, which means that the maintenance cost of UV lamps is very high.
3.8 Production and manufacturing costs have obvious advantages The above discussed several advantages of laser in the field of glue heat curing relative to ultraviolet light, but ultimately can be attributed to the advantage of manufacturing cost. Low glue price can save raw material cost; low energy consumption can save Energy cost; long service life can save maintenance cost; complete curing in one short time can improve production efficiency; multi-channel work of one equipment can save fixed assets cost and save floor space; production line work can improve production efficiency and quality; Strong penetration, small heat-sensitive effect can improve the yield; improve the yield can save raw materials, labor costs and improve production efficiency, which will ultimately be reflected in the economic advantages of laser technology applications.
4 laser heating curing instead of infrared oven heating and curing comparative analysis These two curing methods are heat curing, but laser curing uses the light absorption heating method, while the infrared oven uses the heating air temperature heat conduction heating method.
41 laser curing is a fine processing, the heat-sensitive effect is small, the yield of the laser is very small, and some can even be micron-sized. The laser wavelength is easy to absorb quickly, and it can irradiate the fine-form glue. The exposure point is very precise and subtle, and the energy is concentrated. The energy carried by the laser beam is quickly absorbed by the glue within the range of illumination, and the glue is rapidly heated and heated in a very short period of time, and the heat is not diffused and transmitted substantially; and the infrared oven heats all objects through air conduction, so that This will result in a large heat-sensitive effect area, a high heating temperature, and a high loss rate of the heat-sensitive component. A famous company in Wuhan used the laser curing equipment of Wuhan Lingyun Optoelectronics to rapidly heat and cure the adhesive glue of the HGA component of the hard disk head, which fully exerted this advantage, and the one-time yield rate reached over 90%. However, the one-time cost rate of the manufacturer who still uses the ultraviolet irradiation pre-curing and then the oven drying production process is generally about 50%, and the yield rate is quite low, resulting in great waste of raw materials and manpower, and low production efficiency.
In the application of fine heat curing of glue in the field of thermal components, laser curing equipment is the technology.
42 laser curing is more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. The single-channel setting power of each fiber output laser is 500mW. Generally, the single-channel laser working power can be heated up to about 150mW, and the maximum temperature of the glue can be quickly reached 160. Around °, within 1min, the glue can be completely cured completely. Even multi-channel (in practice, one machine has already achieved 25 channels), the total power will not exceed 15W. In terms of energy consumption, the advantage of laser is quite obvious; while the power of an oven is generally above 2000W, not only can It is expensive and wasteful, and the advantage compared with the energy consumption of the UV lamp is also obvious. The typical UV lamp single-channel curing equipment generally has a power of about 300W. If it is multi-channel (up to 4 channels on the market at present), the machine power and energy consumption will be higher and the energy loss will be large.
43 laser curing is more suitable for production line production, higher production efficiency Laser curing is online production, is a production link in the production line, is a step-by-step, ready-to-order production. Before and after entering the curing process, the production process does not need to be interrupted, and the normal production line can ensure the integrity and consistency of the production process, and the curing time is short, and it can work simultaneously in multiple channels, which is more in line with the technical requirements of modern production lines; After sizing or pre-curing, it needs to be produced offline. The parts are concentrated and dried in the oven. The drying time is generally above 1h, forcing the production line to be interrupted, thus reducing production efficiency, wasting time, affecting production quality and Yield.
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